Where is the voice produced, and what does the nose do?

Our voice is produced in the voice box (larynx). Air from the lungs sets the vocal folds (vocal cords) vibrating as they come together. How high or deep the voice is — its pitch — is determined by the length, tension and mass of the vocal folds (voice pitch surgery). The sound produced in the larynx is then shaped as it passes through the throat, mouth and nasal cavities, and takes on the tone that is unique to each person. This is called resonance.

The nose’s part in this can be heard especially in the “m” and “n” sounds. When we make these sounds, the soft palate lowers and the sound also passes through the nose. This is why, when you have a cold, “my nose” comes out sounding like “by dose”: when the nose is blocked, m and n sounds come closer to b and d sounds. In short, the nose does not produce the voice; it contributes to its colour.

Does rhinoplasty change the voice?

Rhinoplasty is an operation on the bony and cartilage framework of the nose; it does not touch the larynx or the vocal folds. This is why a change in the pitch of the voice — the voice becoming higher or deeper — is not expected. In studies on nasal surgery, and in a small rhinoplasty study of opera singers, no meaningful change in the pitch of the voice was found after surgery.

Because the shape and volume of the inside of the nose can change, studies that analyse voice recordings with instruments may detect differences in tone. In a review that brought together studies, most of them on septal and sinus surgery, a measurement that shows how much sound resonates through the nose (nasalance) increased in the first month, and this difference was no longer present at 6 months; in more than half of the studies that looked at how patients perceived their voice, most participants did not notice any change in their voice. In a small study of 27 people who had rhinoplasty, however, trained listeners noticed months after surgery that the voice sounded more “blocked”, and the patients’ voice questionnaire scores also worsened; the researchers attributed this to narrowing of the nasal cavity. On the other hand, some people whose nose has been blocked for a long time because of a deviated septum or enlarged turbinates say that after surgery their voice sounds clearer, no longer “as if they had a cold”.

A “blocked” voice in the first weeks

In the first days after surgery, swelling inside the nose, crusts and any packs block the nose. During this time the voice sounds blocked, as if you have a cold, m and n sounds become muffled, and you may hear your own voice differently. This is expected and temporary. Swelling eases noticeably from week 3 and most of it settles within the first 2 months; as the nose opens up, the voice opens up too (recovery after rhinoplasty). Where the nasal airway has been widened, you may feel in the first months that m and n sounds resonate through the nose a little more; studies have shown that this difference lessens over time.

Breathing through the mouth while the nose is blocked can dry the throat. Drinking enough water during the day and regularly following the nasal care your surgeon recommends make this period more comfortable.

Anaesthesia and the throat

Rhinoplasty is performed under general anaesthesia, and a breathing tube is usually used during the operation to keep the airway secure. Because of this, some patients may have a sore throat, dryness or mild hoarseness in the first days; these complaints usually clear up on their own within a few days. Long-lasting hoarseness is rare; hoarseness that does not improve is assessed with an examination (hoarseness).

If you use your voice professionally

If you are a singer, imam, hafiz (someone who has memorised the Qur’an), muezzin, actor, teacher, presenter or call-centre worker, mention this at your first consultation. Research suggests that people who use their voice professionally may be more sensitive to small differences in tone; this is why possible voice changes are discussed openly before surgery. The surgical plan is made with the needs of your voice in mind; preserving the airway and the structures inside the nose is part of the planning.

  • Timing: Plan the operation away from periods when you will use your voice heavily, such as concerts and recording sessions, the month of Ramadan or the first weeks of the school year.
  • A gradual return: Avoid straining your voice in the early period. Your surgeon decides at your follow-up visits when, and at what intensity, you can return to singing and long recitation.
  • Do not strain your voice while your nose is blocked: During this period, when you hear your own voice differently, avoid shouting and straining your voice, and drink plenty of water.
  • Voice recording: Recording the same text before surgery, with the same phone and in the same room, makes it easier to compare later.

When to let us know

If your hoarseness is not improving after surgery or is getting worse, mention it at your follow-up visit; hoarseness lasting longer than 3 weeks should always be assessed with an examination. If your voice is clearly breathy and weak, or if you often cough when drinking water, let us know without waiting for your follow-up day. If your voice tires quickly or speaking feels like an effort, or if your nose stays blocked even after the swelling has gone down, mention this at your follow-up visit too. If you develop sudden shortness of breath, noisy or wheezy breathing, or difficulty swallowing, contact us without delay. The blocked voice of the first weeks is usually a natural part of healing; as the swelling goes down, the voice opens up too.

Would you like more detailed information on this topic?

Voice and resonance after rhinoplasty: detailed guide

This article is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References
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  2. Karagoz T, Bennett W. Does nasal surgery alter vocal resonance? The acoustic impact of rhinoplasty, septoplasty, and turbinoplasty – a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2026. Online ahead of print. doi:10.1007/s00405-026-10609-x. PubMed
  3. Foroughian M, Khazaeni K, Haghi MR, et al. The potential effects of rhinoplasty on voice. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014;133(2):109e-113e. PubMed
  4. Clarós P, Blebea C, Pujol MC, et al. Voice After Rhinoplasty. An Important Question for the Opera Singers. J Voice 2021;35(4):614-617. PubMed
  5. Celik O, Boyaci Z, Yelken K, et al. Septorhinoplasty with spreader grafts enhances perceived voice quality without affecting acoustic characteristics. J Voice 2012;26(4):493-5. PubMed
  6. Moulder ZJ, Mann J, Bramley P, et al. Postoperative sore throat: a systematic review. Anaesthesia 2026;81(1):116-133. PubMed